The REAL partnership will address serious problems in the current
teaching of algebra, particularly with respect to performance by
underrepresented groups. The partners propose to pilot a model for a
professional development system that brings together three groups:
algebra teachers in grades 8-10, university mathematics majors, and
mathematics graduate students who are teaching remedial courses at the
university level. Each cohort will take part in a two-year
program. During the NSF MSP grant period, there will be two cohorts.
1. REAL Objectives
K-12 Algebra Teachers
- improve the teaching of algebra in middle schools and high
schools;
- create new teacher leaders at the middle school and secondary
school level; and
- change the climate in each school so that teachers continue to
work on improving the teaching of algebra.
Graduate Students
- improve their effectiveness as teachers;
- increase their interest in K-12 education.
Undergraduate Math Majors
- encourage mathematics majors to seek a career in secondary
education; and
- help math majors to see that students from any socio-economic
class can excel in mathematics with a good teacher and good curriculum
2. REAL Strategies
a. Selection of participants
- Two different cohorts of secondary teachers, graduate students,
and undergraduates will be selected.
- The partners will work together to select nine secondary algebra
teachers who are insightful, determined to grow as teachers, and who
will be able to lead their colleagues. Similar qualities will be
sought in the graduate students.
- The undergraduate mathematics majors will be selected on the
basis of their mathematical ability, an interest in exploring a teaching
career, and their perceptiveness about the motivations of students,
especially minority secondary school students.
b. Year-long course
- The course will include activities that are mathematical and
others will involve discussion of readings and construction of lessons.
- The activities will be informed and influenced by the PIs’
observations of algebra courses in the K-12 partner schools and at the
university, and collaboration with the school partners. While taking the
course, all participants will be engaged in teaching algebra.
- The class activities in the fall will include assignments to be
carried out in classrooms, and in the spring, activities will include
small lesson study projects.
- During the summer after the course, each cohort will work with
the directors to prepare for the lesson study sessions in the secondary
schools and among graduate students
c. Undergraduate mathematics majors
work in secondary algebra classrooms
- Each undergraduate will work ten hours a week during the school
year in classes of one secondary school teacher.
- The teacher will be in charge of the classroom, but the
undergraduate will help with planning and execution of lessons. We
hope the presence of the undergraduate will encourage the teacher to
experiment more than if she or he worked alone.
d. Lesson study in the secondary
schools
- The lead secondary teachers from the cohort will meet daily with
participating teachers either during their common preparation periods or
through class visitations and released time, depending on the district
plan.
- In the first plan, each lead teacher works with two or three
other teachers during a common released period, to discuss the lessons
they are teaching, the reactions of the students, and alternatives to
try. In addition the lead teacher will have a second class bought
out so he or she will have time to visit the classes of the other two or
three regularly, as well as meet with the district coordinator and the
directors.
- In the second plan, one of the lead teachers will teach one class
and be released for the rest, in order to work with other teachers in
the district middle schools. This teacher will coach and provide
demonstration lessons, meet weekly with the other teachers, plan and
share lessons with the other lead teachers, and work with them to plan
the monthly in-service days.
e. Lesson study among graduate
students
- Of the nine graduate students from the cohort, three will be
selected by the directors as peer leaders.
- Each lead graduate student will meet weekly with three other
graduate students. Their sessions will be like those described
above for the secondary schools.
- Each director will visit one of the classes weekly and the lead
graduate student will also visit a class weekly.
3. REAL Evaluation
- Attendance and pass fail records for secondary algebra students
and remedial college classes.
- An outside evaluator will interview teachers in the partner
districts and graduate students at SFSU, before and after the project
participation.
- Attitude surveys of secondary teachers and graduate students
about perceptions of their students attitudes and motivation to learn
and participant evaluations.
- Student questionnaires for secondary students and college
students in the remedial classes.
- Attendance and pass fail records for secondary algebra students
and remedial college classes.
- Undergraduates' intentions to go into education.

Please send comments/additions to Eric Hsu.